It's based on <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WebRTC">WebRTC</a>, a free and open-source project for web browsers.
Sepia can also help you to search PeerTube content like videos or channels on <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://sepiasearch.org/">Sepia Search</a>!
The difference to YouTube is that it's not intended to create a huge platform centralizing videos from the whole world on a single server farm (which is horribly expensive).