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Major actors of the Internet have become real giants: Facebook has acquired WhatsApp and Instagram, Google owns Youtube and Waze, Microsoft distributes Skype, etc.<br /> This concentration of actors creates multiple issues: what if Facebook were suddenly shut down? And how could we browse the Web if Google went down? <strong>We rely more and more on services provided by a small group of suppliers.</strong> For example, Apple (iPhone), Google (Android) and Microsoft (Windows Phone) dominate almost the entire mobile OS industry.<br /> Furthermore, the size of these actors impedes innovation: it’s hard to launch a startup that can match up to Apple or Google (the first and second worldwide market capitalisations, respectively).<br /> Finally, The lack of diversity of the giants means they can track many people who are unaware that there may be alternatives, and it can influence the kind of data you receive (a Google search will produce different results for the term “nuclear power” depending on whether Google considers you to be an environmentalist or pro-nuclear power).
Las mayores empresas actrices de Internet se han vuelto unos verdaderos calamares gigantes : Facebook posee WhatsApp e Instagram, Google tiene Youtube y Waze, Microsoft distribuye Skype, etc.<br /> Esta concentración de los actores plantea problemas múltiples: ¿qué pasará si Facebook cierra el chiringuito ? Cómo hacer búsquedas si Google tiene una avería ? <strong>Nos vamos volviendo poco a poco dependientes de unos servicios suministrados por un pequeño número de actores .</strong> Por ejemplo, Apple (iPhone), Google (Android) y Microsoft (Windows Phone) se reparten la casi totalidad del mercado de los sistemas operativos para smatphones.<br /> Por otra parte, el tamaño de dichos actores frena la innovación: es difícil crear una empresa emergente frente a Apple o Google (respectivamente primera y segunda capitalizaciones bursátiles mundiales ).<br /> Por fin, la falta de diversidad de estos gigantes también les da la posibilidad no sólo de recoger fácilmente informaciones personales, sino también de falsificar la información que difunden (una búsqueda en Google sobre la palabra "nuclear" no le dará los mismos enlaces si Google le percibe a usted como un militante ecologista o como un partidario de la energía nuclear).
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